共享内存

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共享内存的使用

用于在多个进程间快速的传递数据,基本上有两种形式

以下是nginx为unix族操作系统实现的代码,覆盖了不同的使用形式,使用时可以直接参考。注意NGX_HAVE_MAP_ANON, NGX_HAVE_MAP_DEVZERO, NGX_HAVE_SYSVSHM三个宏

#if (NGX_HAVE_MAP_ANON)

ngx_int_t
ngx_shm_alloc(ngx_shm_t *shm)
{
    shm->addr = (u_char *) mmap(NULL, shm->size,
                                PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
                                MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);

    if (shm->addr == MAP_FAILED) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "mmap(MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED, %uz) failed", shm->size);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    return NGX_OK;
}


void
ngx_shm_free(ngx_shm_t *shm)
{
    if (munmap((void *) shm->addr, shm->size) == -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "munmap(%p, %uz) failed", shm->addr, shm->size);
    }
}

#elif (NGX_HAVE_MAP_DEVZERO)

ngx_int_t
ngx_shm_alloc(ngx_shm_t *shm)
{
    ngx_fd_t  fd;

    fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR);

    if (fd == -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "open(\"/dev/zero\") failed");
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    shm->addr = (u_char *) mmap(NULL, shm->size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
                                MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);

    if (shm->addr == MAP_FAILED) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "mmap(/dev/zero, MAP_SHARED, %uz) failed", shm->size);
    }

    if (close(fd) == -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "close(\"/dev/zero\") failed");
    }

    return (shm->addr == MAP_FAILED) ? NGX_ERROR : NGX_OK;
}


void
ngx_shm_free(ngx_shm_t *shm)
{
    if (munmap((void *) shm->addr, shm->size) == -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "munmap(%p, %uz) failed", shm->addr, shm->size);
    }
}

#elif (NGX_HAVE_SYSVSHM)

#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>


ngx_int_t
ngx_shm_alloc(ngx_shm_t *shm)
{
    int  id;

    id = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE, shm->size, (SHM_R|SHM_W|IPC_CREAT));

    if (id == -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "shmget(%uz) failed", shm->size);
        return NGX_ERROR;
    }

    ngx_log_debug1(NGX_LOG_DEBUG_CORE, shm->log, 0, "shmget id: %d", id);

    shm->addr = shmat(id, NULL, 0);

    if (shm->addr == (void *) -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno, "shmat() failed");
    }

    if (shmctl(id, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "shmctl(IPC_RMID) failed");
    }

    return (shm->addr == (void *) -1) ? NGX_ERROR : NGX_OK;
}


void
ngx_shm_free(ngx_shm_t *shm)
{
    if (shmdt(shm->addr) == -1) {
        ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_ALERT, shm->log, ngx_errno,
                    "shmdt(%p) failed", shm->addr);
    }
}

#endif

The End